Реклама Google — средство выживания форумов :)
Impact damage can degrade the performance of exposed spacecraft materials and, in some cases, destroy a spacecraft's ability to perform or complete its mission (e.g., larger particles can penetrate through protective walls). With a relative impact velocity of 10 km/s, a piece of aluminum debris which is ~0.7 mm in diameter can penetrate through a typical 2.5 mm thick aluminum satellite wall. During its 5.75 year exposure, LDEF saw one (1) impact of this size per 7 m2 of exposed surface area in the RAM direction. In addition to this, LDEF experienced ~1 impact/m2, on ram-exposed surfaces, which could have penetrated a typical 1.5 mm thick aluminum electronics box. While these impacts can be extremely damaging to internal components, electronics, batteries, motors, and mechanisms, they are relatively rare. Smaller impacts, which can degrade mission performance or cause mission denial, are much more common with tens of thousands, if not millions of such impacts/m2 of exposed surface area occurring throughout a satellite's lifetime.